Study materials

Agreement with indefinite pronouns and collective subjects Agreement with polite 'vous' Auxiliary verb for reflexive verbs Causative agreement Choosing the correct auxiliary verb Inferring the subject from the context Past participle agreement when the auxiliary verb is AVOIR Past participle agreement when the auxiliary verb is ÊTRE Past participle agreement with "en" Past participle agreement with direct objects Past participle agreement with indirect objects Pronominal verbs with indirect object (no agreement) Verbs with variable auxiliary verb

Cédille Êtes: circumflex Hard and soft g I-circumflex Past participle of "devoir" Spelling change: -é_er → -è- Spelling change: -e_er → -è- Spelling change: -yer → -i- The double 'i' in Imparfait and Subjunctive The two dots (ï) in haïr-type verbs Verbs in -eler/-eter (consonant doubling)

Affirmative vs. negative commands Compound past vs. imperfect Forming the imparfait verb forms Forming the present subjunctive verb forms Imperative pronouns and hyphens Imperative with 'y' and 'en' Irregular Imperatives (Subjunctive stems) Subjunctive vs. indicative

French pronouns treated as singular Inversion with "pouvoir" Reflexive pronouns Subject pronouns and object pronouns The euphonic 't' in inversion Word order in negative infinitive

Two answer boxes (split verb forms)

Adding adjectives to 'something', 'nothing' and 'someone' Adjectives that change meaning based on position BAGS adjectives: standing before the noun 'Coûter cher', 'parler fort': adjectives that work as adverbs Invariable color adjectives that never change Irregular comparatives: 'meilleur', 'mieux', and 'pire' Special adjective forms before a vowel The unchanging 'demi' prefix before a noun Why French says 'des yeux bleu clair', not 'bleus clairs' Why French says 'mon amie' and not 'ma amie'

'À Noël', 'à la Saint-Valentin': French holidays and their articles Body parts: definite articles instead of possessives Containers and portions take just 'de' Dropping the article for professions French keeps the article with school, church and hospital 'J'ai la grippe', 'j'ai un rhume', 'j'ai de la fièvre': articles with illnesses Quantity expressions with 'de' 'Sans' plus a noun without an article: French words for '-less' and '-free' Saying 'on Monday' and 'every Monday' in French School subjects and the article: 'j'aime la chimie', but 'un cours de chimie' 'Un Français', 'le français', 'parler français': capitals and articles with nationalities

Motion verbs that change auxiliary with an object The passé composé with 'être'

'Brosse à dents', 'machine à laver' and other French purpose phrases Describing people with 'au', 'à la' and 'aux', as in 'la fille aux yeux bleus' French verbs that take 'sur' where English doesn't use 'on' Getting in and out: 'entrer dans', 'monter dans', 'descendre de' Giving measurements in French with 'long de' and 'de long' 'Identical', 'similar', 'alike': why French says 'à', not 'comme' or 'que' Kind 'to' someone in French: 'envers' and 'avec', not 'à' Leather jackets and wooden chairs: saying what things are made of with 'en' People as indirect objects with 'à': 'lui' and 'leur' 'Proud of', 'happy to', 'sorry to': emotion adjectives that take 'de' 'Remplir de', 'entouré de': when English 'with' and 'by' become 'de' Saying 'it's mine' with 'être à moi', 'à toi', 'à lui' Verbs that require the preposition 'de' Verbs that swallow the English preposition Why French buys, borrows and steals 'à' someone Why French says 'augmenter de' where English says 'increase by'

Greeting and saying goodbye in French at the right time of day 'Tu' and 'vous' and staying consistent Wishing people well with 'bon' and 'bonne'

Nouns that change meaning with their gender Person nouns that keep their gender, whoever they describe 'Un collègue', 'une collègue': nouns where only the article shows the gender

After fear and prevention, 'ne' does not always mean 'not' How French counts from 70 to 99 in sixties and twenties Large numbers that act like nouns Negative words that replace 'pas' 'Premier', 'deuxième', 'vingt et unième': ordinals, kings and centuries in French When to add an 's' to 'vingt' and 'cent' Why French writers say 'je ne sais' without 'pas'

'Déjeuner', 'dîner', 'souper': meal words that change with the map Time words and the '-ée' ending

Getting around in French with 'en' and 'à' Going to 'the doctor's', 'the baker's' and 'the vet's' with 'chez' Location prepositions ending in 'de': 'près du', 'à côté des' and more Parts of the day drop the preposition Saying 'in' or 'to' a country with 'en', 'au' and 'aux' Talking about seasons with 'en' and 'au' Using months and dates in French

Daily routine reflexive verbs French verbs that only exist with 'se' Getting emotional with pronominal verbs Pronominal verbs for changes of state Reflexive pronouns with mental state verbs Saying 'each other' in French with 'se', 'nous' and 'vous' Why French says 'elle est assise' for 'she is sitting'

Acting a part with 'faire le': 'faire le fou' and 'faire le mort' Expressing physical and mental states with 'avoir' Household chores with 'faire le', 'la', 'les' 'Rendre', the French way to 'make someone happy, sad or crazy' Sports and leisure activities with 'faire' Talking about the weather with 'il' 'Tomber' for getting ill, falling in love and breaking down

'Bijou', 'genou', 'chou' and the seven '-ou' nouns that add '-x' in the plural 'Cheval', 'chevaux': French nouns in '-al' and '-ail' in the plural Collective nouns take a singular verb Nouns ending in '-s', '-x' or '-z' stay the same in the plural Nouns that are usually plural in French One French item, an English plural Uncountable in English, countable in French Which part takes the '-s' in 'pommes de terre' and 'grands-parents' Why the plural of 'gâteau' is 'gâteaux', not 'gâteaus'

The aspirated 'h': words that block elision and liaison The mute 'h': treating 'h' like a vowel Why French writes 'islam', 'chrétien' and 'musulman' in lowercase

'Before', 'after', 'until': add 'que' when a whole clause follows Impersonal evaluative adjectives and the subjunctive

A person with 'à', an action with 'de' 'Facile à lire', 'dur à faire': when the thing is the subject Helping, inviting and pushing someone to act with 'à' + infinitive Linking adjectives to infinitives with 'à' Linking verbs with 'de' before an infinitive 'See them leave', 'hear them laugh': perception verbs plus an infinitive Using 'faire' with cooking verbs Verbs followed by a direct infinitive Verbs linked with 'à' before an infinitive Why French says 'avoir le temps de' for 'have time to' Why French says 'viens voir' for 'come and see'

French verbs like 'plaire': when the thing is the subject

'Chanteuse' or 'actrice'? Feminine forms of '-eur' nouns Colours in '-âtre': when 'bluish' and 'greenish' sound a bit unpleasant 'Coup de fil', 'coup d'œil', 'coup de pied': quick actions built with 'coup de' Creating adverbs from adjectives using '-ment' 'Grossir', 'rougir', 'vieillir': one French verb for 'get fat', 'go red', 'grow old' Why it's 'un ouvre-boîte': verb plus noun compounds are masculine Why short nouns like 'photo' and 'moto' keep the gender of the full word

Adverb position: placing short time words Don't drop 'en' from these everyday expressions 'En retard', 'en colère', 'en panne': state phrases that never agree Possessives agree with the thing owned Saying 'I was given' in French with 'on m'a donné' Saying 'il reste' and 'il manque' with the real subject after the verb Why 'swim across' becomes 'traverser à la nage' in French