'Qualcosa di nuovo', 'niente di speciale' and other adjectives after 'di'
In English, an adjective simply follows words like something or nothing: something new, nothing special. Italian adds a small word in between. After qualcosa, niente and nulla, the adjective is introduced by di: qualcosa di nuovo, niente di speciale. The same thing happens in questions with che, che cosa and cosa, as in Cosa c'è di nuovo? (What's new?).
English speakers tend to translate word for word and say qualcosa interessante, which sounds wrong to Italian ears. The good news is that the pattern is completely regular. Once you learn it, it works the same way every time.
The structure is always the same: the indefinite word, then di, then the adjective. Think of it as saying something of the new kind. The adjective describes the thing, but grammatically it hangs on di.
- qualcosa + di + adjective: qualcosa di bello
- niente / nulla + di + adjective: niente di grave
- che / che cosa / cosa + c'è di + adjective: cosa c'è di strano?
A simple rule of thumb: whenever English says something/nothing/what + adjective, put di in front of the Italian adjective.
qualcosa (something) is the word you will use most. It is very common with adjectives like bello, buono, nuovo and diverso.
niente and nulla both mean nothing and follow the same pattern. Niente is more common in everyday speech, while nulla sounds slightly more formal. After a verb, they usually come with non.
che, che cosa and cosa all mean what in questions. They are not indefinite words, but they use the same di link, usually in the pattern c'è di + adjective. All three are correct. Che cosa is the fullest form, and cosa and che are shorter and more casual.
Even if you are thinking of a feminine or plural thing, say qualcosa di nuovo, never qualcosa di nuova. The same goes for niente di speciale and cosa c'è di strano. With the longer form qualche cosa, you will occasionally see a feminine adjective, because cosa is a feminine noun. The masculine is still the normal, safe choice.
The di link is only for adjectives. When an infinitive follows, as in something to eat or nothing to do, Italian uses da. You can even combine the two: qualcosa di buono da mangiare.
With altro, the most common form is simply qualcos'altro, although qualcosa d'altro is also correct. Before a vowel, di can also be shortened, as in qualcosa d'interessante, but the full di is always fine.
When English puts an adjective straight after something, nothing or what, Italian puts di in between and keeps the adjective masculine singular: qualcosa di bello, niente di speciale, nulla di nuovo, cosa c'è di strano? Save da for verbs: qualcosa da bere.







