Encender vs. prender
The Spanish words encender and prender both translate to to turn on or to switch on in English generally referring to devices, machines, or other types of electrical equipment. However, their usage can vary depending on the region and context.
Encender
A1Encender is often used universally throughout the Spanish-speaking world for turning on lights, machinery, and electronic devices.
Voy a encender la luz porque está oscuro.
(I'm going to turn on the light because it's dark.)
Puede encender la máquina ahora.
(You can turn on the machine now.)
No olvides encender el horno.
(Don't forget to turn on the oven.)
Prender
A2Prender has similar meanings to encender, it is often used interchangeably. However, in some Latin American regions, it is more commonly used especially when referring to turning on televisions, radios, or computers.
Voy a prender la televisión para ver las noticias.
(I'm going to turn on the television to watch the news.)
Podemos prender la radio para escuchar música.
(We can turn on the radio to listen to music.)
¡Prende la computadora y comienza tu tarea!
(Turn on the computer and start your homework!)
Summary
In conclusion, while both encender and prender are used for turning or switching on devices or machinery, their usage can sometimes vary depending on regional preferences. As a rule of thumb, know that you're likely safe using encender universally while prender may not always be as understood in Spain as it is in Latin American countries.