German conjugation explanation
Conjugation of 'ihr' (Present)
<p>The subject pronoun <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr</span> corresponds to the <strong>informal plural "you"</strong> (addressing a group of people you are familiar with, like friends or family). In English, this is often translated as "you all" or "you guys".</p>
<p>In the
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext" href="/study/tenseGuideForTense/48/" target="_blank">Present Indicative</a>
, the basic rule for conjugating <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr</span> is very simple: add the ending <strong>-t</strong> to the verb stem (the infinitive minus <span style="font-style: italic;">-en</span>).</p><ul>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/machen/" title="Click to see conjugations for machen" target="_blank">machen</a>
(stem: <span style="font-style: italic;">mach-</span>) → <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr mach</span><strong>t</strong></div><div class="conjugation_explanation_example_sentence">Was <span class="green_emphasis">macht</span> ihr morgen? (<span style="font-style: italic;">What are you guys doing tomorrow?</span>)</div>
</li>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/kaufen/" title="Click to see conjugations for kaufen" target="_blank">kaufen</a>
(stem: <span style="font-style: italic;">kauf-</span>) → <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr kauf</span><strong>t</strong></div><div class="conjugation_explanation_example_sentence">Warum <span class="green_emphasis">kauft</span> ihr so viel Brot? (<span style="font-style: italic;">Why are you buying so much bread?</span>)</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">No Stem Changes</div>
<p>A common mistake is applying stem changes (like those found in
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext" href="/conjugationExplanation/german_stem_change_present/" target="_blank">stem-changing verbs</a>
) to the <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr</span> form. These vowel changes (e.g., <span style="font-style: italic;">a</span> → <span style="font-style: italic;">ä</span> or <span style="font-style: italic;">e</span> → <span style="font-style: italic;">i</span>) only happen in the singular forms (<span style="font-style: italic;">du</span> and <span style="font-style: italic;">er/sie/es</span>).</p><p>The <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr</span> form is <strong>completely regular</strong> regarding the stem vowel, even for strong verbs like
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/fahren/" title="Click to see conjugations for fahren" target="_blank">fahren</a>
or<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/sprechen/" title="Click to see conjugations for sprechen" target="_blank">sprechen</a>
.</p><ul>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/fahren/" title="Click to see conjugations for fahren" target="_blank">fahren</a>
</div><div><span style="font-style: italic;">du <span class="brown_emphasis">fährst</span></span> → <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr <span class="green_emphasis">fahrt</span></span></div>
</li>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/sprechen/" title="Click to see conjugations for sprechen" target="_blank">sprechen</a>
</div><div><span style="font-style: italic;">du <span class="brown_emphasis">sprichst</span></span> → <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr <span class="green_emphasis">sprecht</span></span></div>
</li>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/m%C3%BCssen/" title="Click to see conjugations for müssen" target="_blank">müssen</a>
</div><div><span style="font-style: italic;">du <span class="brown_emphasis">musst</span></span> → <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr <span class="green_emphasis">müsst</span></span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">Stems ending in -d or -t</div>
<p>If the verb stem ends in <strong>-d</strong> or <strong>-t</strong> (or in <span style="font-style: italic;">-n</span> or <span style="font-style: italic;">-m</span> after a consonant), an extra <span class="in_word_highlight">-e-</span> is inserted before the <strong>-t</strong> ending to make pronunciation easier. This follows the general
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext" href="/conjugationExplanation/german_verb_stem_e_extension/" target="_blank">stem extension rule</a>
.</p><ul>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/arbeiten/" title="Click to see conjugations for arbeiten" target="_blank">arbeiten</a>
(stem ends in <span style="font-style: italic;">-t</span>)</div><div class="conjugation_explanation_example_sentence"><span class="green_emphasis">Arbeitet</span> ihr heute? (<span style="font-style: italic;">Are you working today?</span>)</div>
</li>
<li>
<div>
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/finden/" title="Click to see conjugations for finden" target="_blank">finden</a>
(stem ends in <span style="font-style: italic;">-d</span>)</div><div class="conjugation_explanation_example_sentence">Ihr <span class="green_emphasis">findet</span> den Weg nicht. (<span style="font-style: italic;">You won't find the way.</span>)</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">Irregular Verb: Sein</div>
<p>The verb
<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/ger/sein/" title="Click to see conjugations for sein" target="_blank">sein</a>
(to be) is highly irregular. Its <span style="font-style: italic;">ihr</span> form is <strong>seid</strong>.</p><p style="font-style: italic;">Note: It is spelled with a <strong>d</strong> (seid), not a <strong>t</strong> (seit, which means "since").</p>
<div class="study_conjugations_tense_container">
<a class="study_conjugations_tense_label box_label tense_box no_dark_mode " href="/study/tenseGuideForTense/48/" target="_blank" title="Open tense guide">Präsens</a>
<div class="study_conjugations_conjugation conjugations_table two_columns">
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
ich
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">bin<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
du
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">bist<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
er
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">ist<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
wir
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">sind<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms highlighted_conjugation">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
ihr
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">seid<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="study_conjugations_forms conjugation_forms">
<div class="conjugation_form">
<span><span class="study_conjugations_pronoun conjugation_pronoun">
sie
</span><span class="irregular_conjugation" title="irregular conjugation">sind<span class="irregularity_circle">●</span></span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>