English has many abstract nouns ending in -tion, such as information or situation. When you need to translate these into Portuguese, you are often in luck. Most of them have a direct Portuguese equivalent ending in -ção.
Even better, every single one of these Portuguese words is feminine in gender. This makes remembering their grammar incredibly easy, as you will always know which articles and adjectives to use with them.
A great vocabulary hack is to take an English word ending in -tion and replace that suffix with -ção. Because these words are feminine, you will always pair them with feminine articles like a (the) or uma (a), and any adjectives will take their feminine forms. This applies to everyday concepts like informação, situação, tradução, and poluição.
Precisamos de mais informação.
(We need more information.)
A poluição é um grande problema.
(Pollution is a big problem.)
Esta é uma situação difícil.
(This is a difficult situation.)
A tradução está perfeita.
(The translation is perfect.)
People and society
You will spot this pattern constantly when talking about people, society, or history. Words like população, nação, educação, and tradição behave exactly the same way. You can also use relação to talk about a romantic relationship.
A população da cidade é pequena.
(The population of the city is small.)
A educação é importante para a nossa nação.
(Education is important for our nation.)
Nós temos uma boa relação.
(We have a good relationship.)
Beber chá é uma tradição antiga.
(Drinking tea is an old tradition.)
Other common nouns
You will also need these words for basic navigation and feelings. For example, estação translates to station, while direção means direction. If you want to express a feeling or emotion, you can use emoção. Finally, atenção is essential when asking someone to pay attention.
Onde fica a estação?
(Where is the station?)
Fomos na direção errada.
(We went in the wrong direction.)
Presta atenção, por favor.
(Pay attention, please.)
Foi um momento de muita emoção.
(It was a moment of great feeling.)
Watch out for plurals
While the -ção ending is a fantastic rule of thumb, you should be prepared to make these nouns plural. Nouns ending in -ção form their plural by changing the ending to -ções. The gender does not change, so you will continue to use feminine plural words like as or muitas with them.
Estas situações são complexas.
(These situations are complex.)
Summary
If an English word ends in -tion, its Portuguese equivalent likely ends in -ção. These words are incredibly common and always feminine, so remember to pair them with feminine articles and adjectives.